G20: Parkinson's disease

G20 refers to Parkinson's disease, a category of movement disorders caused by dysfunction in the extrapyramidal system or basal ganglia. These disorders affect the control of voluntary movements and can result from neurodegenerative diseases, medication side effects, or other medical conditions.

Symptoms

• Tremors at rest – Classic symptom of Parkinson’s disease (G20)
• Muscle rigidity – Seen in both G20 and secondary parkinsonism (G21)
• Bradykinesia – Slowness of movement across all extrapyramidal disorders
• Involuntary muscle contractions – Key feature of dystonia (G24)
• Myoclonus or chorea – Common in G25 and G23 degenerative basal ganglia diseases
• Gait instability – Found across most extrapyramidal disorders
• Postural abnormalities – Often progressive and disabling in advanced stages

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease involves clinical neurological exams, response to dopamine therapy (for G20/G21), MRI or CT scans to rule out structural lesions, and sometimes genetic or metabolic testing. Observation over time is often necessary to differentiate among disorders.

ICD10 Code Usage

ICD10 code G20 is used in neurology, geriatrics, movement disorder clinics, and primary care. It facilitates accurate documentation for treatment planning, medication prescriptions, disability claims, and tracking progression of movement-related conditions.

Related Codes

• G21 – Secondary parkinsonism
• G23 – Other degenerative diseases of basal ganglia
• G24 – Dystonia
• G25 – Other extrapyramidal and movement disorders
• G26 – Extrapyramidal and movement disorders in diseases classified elsewhere

FAQs

Q1: What is ICD10 code G20?
A: It refers to Parkinson's disease, a group of disorders that impair movement due to basal ganglia or extrapyramidal dysfunction.

Q2: How is secondary parkinsonism (G21) different from Parkinson’s disease?
A: Secondary parkinsonism may result from drugs, toxins, trauma, or infection, whereas Parkinson’s (G20) is idiopathic and progressive.

Q3: Can these disorders be cured?
A: Most are chronic and progressive, but symptoms can be managed with medications, botulinum toxin, deep brain stimulation, or physical therapy.

Q4: What causes dystonia (G24)?
A: It can be inherited or acquired through injury, infection, or as a side effect of medications like antipsychotics.

Q5: Who manages these conditions?
A: Neurologists, movement disorder specialists, physiatrists, and allied health professionals like physical and occupational therapists.

Conclusion

ICD10 code G20 is essential for identifying and managing Parkinson's disease, enabling precise diagnosis, therapy customization, and multidisciplinary care for individuals with movement disorders affecting quality of life.